Video game - Wikipedia. People playing a large scale version of the iconic Pong video game. A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor. Run (Accesskey R) Save (Accesskey S) Download Fresh URL Open Local Reset (Accesskey X). The Atari 2600 (or Atari Video Computer System before November 1982) is a home video game console by Atari, Inc. Released on September 11, 1977, it is credited with. The word video in video game traditionally referred to a raster display device, but as of the 2. Some theorists categorize video games as an art form, but this designation is controversial. The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles. These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld computing devices. Specialized video games such as arcade games, in which the video game components are housed in a large, typically coin- operated chassis, while common in the 1. July 2017 marks a big anniversary for Nintendo: The company has now been producing video game hardware and software for 40 years, beginning with the Color TV Game 6. Play. Station 4, Xbox One and Nintendo Wii U) and video games on desktop and laptop computers and smartphones. The input device used for games, the game controller, varies across platforms. Common controllers include gamepads, joysticks, mouse devices, keyboards, the touchscreens of mobile devices, and buttons, or even, with the Kinect sensor, a person's hands and body. Players typically view the game on a video screen or television or computer monitor, or sometimes on virtual realityhead- mounted display goggles. There are often game sound effects, music and, in the 2. Some games in the 2. In the 2. 01. 0s, the video game industry is of increasing commercial importance, with growth driven particularly by the emerging Asian markets and mobile games, which are played on smartphones. As of 2. 01. 5, video games generated sales of USD 7. U. S. The earliest example is from 1. Goldsmith Jr. Patent 2. Douglas for the EDSAC in 1. Tennis for Two, an electronic interactive game engineered by William Higinbotham in 1. Spacewar!, written by MIT students Martin Graetz, Steve Russell, and Wayne Wiitanen's on a DEC PDP- 1 computer in 1. Pong, a 1. 97. 2 game by Atari. Each game used different means of display: NIMROD used a panel of lights to play the game of Nim,! It used a black- and- white television for its display, and the computer system was made of 7. TTLchips. Computer Space was followed in 1. Magnavox Odyssey, the first home console. Modeled after a late 1. Ralph H. Baer called the . The distinctions below are not always clear and there may be games that bridge one or more platforms. In addition to personal computers, there are other devices which have the ability to play games but are not dedicated video game machines, such as smartphones, PDAs and graphing calculators. PCIn common use a . Personal computers are not dedicated game platforms, so there may be differences running the same game in different hardware, also the openness allows some features to developers like reduced software cost. Usually consoles only run games developed for it, or games from other platform made by the same company, but never games developed by its direct competitor, even if the same game is available on different platforms. It often comes with a specific game controller. Major console platforms include Xbox and Play. Station. Handheld. The Nintendo Game Boy was the first successful handheld console, selling over 1. A . It features the console, a small screen, speakers and buttons, joystick or other game controllers in a single unit. Like consoles, handhelds are dedicated platforms, and share almost the same characteristics. Handheld hardware usually is less powerful than PC or console hardware. Some handheld games from the late 1. In the 1. 99. 0s and 2. Arcade. A horror- themed arcade game in which players use a light gun. Arcade games often have brightly painted logos and images relating to the theme of the game. While most arcade games are housed in a vertical cabinet, which the user typically stands in front of to play, some arcade games use a tabletop approach, in which the display screen is housed in a table- style cabinet with a see- through table top. With table- top games, the users typically sit to play. In the 1. 99. 0s and 2. In the 1. 98. 0s, video arcades were businesses in which game players could use a number of arcade video games. In the 2. 01. 0s, there are far fewer video arcades, but some movie theaters and family entertainment centers still have them. Web browser. The web browser has also established itself as platform in its own right in the 2. This in turn has generated new terms to qualify classes of web browser- based games. These games may be identified based on the website that they appear, such as with . Others are named based on the programming platform used to develop them, such as Java and Flash games. Mobile. With the advent of standard operating systems for mobile devices such as i. OS and Android and devices with greater hardware performance, mobile gaming has become a significant platform. While many mobile games share similar concepts with browser games, these games may utilize features of smart devices that are not necessary present on other platforms such as global positing information and camera devices to support augmented reality gameplay. Mobile games also led into the development of microtransactions as a valid revenue model for casual games. Virtual reality. Virtual reality (VR) games generally require players to use a special head- mounted unit that provides stereoscopic screens and motion tracking to immerse a player within virtual environment that responds to their head movements. Some VR systems include control units for the player's hands as to provide a direct way to interact with the virtual world. VR systems generally require a separate computer, console, or other processing device that couples with the head- mounted unit. Genres. A video game, like most other forms of media, may be categorized into genres. Video game genres are used to categorize video games based on their gameplay interaction rather than visual or narrative differences. For example, a shooter game is still a shooter game, regardless of whether it takes place in a fantasy world or in outer space. Ever advancing technology and production values related to video game development have fostered more lifelike and complex games which have in turn introduced or enhanced genre possibilities (e. Sony's Eye. Toy). Some genres represent combinations of others, such as massively multiplayer online role- playing games, or, more commonly, MMORPGs. It is also common to see higher level genre terms that are collective in nature across all other genres such as with action, music/rhythm or horror- themed video games. Additionally, casual games frequently support the ability to jump in and out of play on demand. Casual games as a format existed long before the term was coined and include video games such as Solitaire or Minesweeper which can commonly be found pre- installed with many versions of the Microsoft Windows operating system. Examples of genres within this category are match three, hidden object, time management, puzzle or many of the tower defense style games. Casual games are generally available through app stores and online retailers such as Pop. Cap, Zylom and Game. House or provided for free play through web portals such as Newgrounds. While casual games are most commonly played on personal computers, phones or tablets, they can also be found on many of the on- line console system download services (e. Play. Station Network, Wii. Ware or Xbox Live). Serious games. Serious games are games that are designed primarily to convey information or a learning experience to the player. Some serious games may even fail to qualify as a video game in the traditional sense of the term. Educational software does not typically fall under this category (e. As with the other categories, this description is more of a guideline than a rule. Serious games are games generally made for reasons beyond simple entertainment and as with the core and casual games may include works from any given genre, although some such as exercise games, educational games, or propaganda games may have a higher representation in this group due to their subject matter. These games are typically designed to be played by professionals as part of a specific job or for skill set improvement. They can also be created to convey social- political awareness on a specific subject. One of the longest- running serious games franchises would be Microsoft Flight Simulator first published in 1. The United States military uses virtual reality based simulations, such as VBS1 for training exercises. This form of media allows for a broader audience to be able to receive and gain access to certain information that otherwise may not have reached such people. An example of tactical media in video games would be newsgames. These are short games related to contemporary events designed to illustrate a point. Some of these games include Darfur is Dying, Finding Zoe, and In The Balance. All of these games bring awareness to important issues and events in an intelligent and well thought out manner. President Barack Obama launched a campaign called . This campaign states that it plans to harness the power of interactive games to help achieve the goal of students excelling in these departments. Some of these competitions include the Stem National Video Game Competition and the Imagine Cup. Some other games do not have any particular targeted audience in mind and intended to simply educate or inform whoever views or plays the game. Controllers. A North American Super NES game controller from the early 1. Video game can use several types of input devices to translate human actions to a game, the most common game controllers are keyboard and mouse for . Other game controllers are commonly used for specific games like racing wheels, light guns or dance pads. Digital cameras can also be used as game controllers capturing movements of the body of the player.
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